diff --git a/ch3-coop/user/Makefile b/ch3-coop/user/Makefile
index f2746fc..367e9f2 100644
--- a/ch3-coop/user/Makefile
+++ b/ch3-coop/user/Makefile
@@ -3,10 +3,6 @@ TARGET := riscv64gc-unknown-none-elf
 OBJDUMP := rust-objdump --arch-name=riscv64
 OBJCOPY := rust-objcopy --binary-architecture=riscv64
 
-RUST_FLAGS := -Clink-arg=-Tsrc/linker.ld  # 使用我们自己的链接脚本
-RUST_FLAGS += -Cforce-frame-pointers=yes  # 强制编译器生成帧指针
-RUST_FLAGS:=$(strip ${RUST_FLAGS})
-
 APP_DIR := src/bin
 TARGET_DIR := target/$(TARGET)/$(MODE)
 APPS := $(wildcard $(APP_DIR)/*.rs)
@@ -16,8 +12,7 @@ BINS := $(patsubst $(APP_DIR)/%.rs, $(TARGET_DIR)/%.bin, $(APPS))
 
 # 编译elf文件
 build_elf: clean
-	CARGO_BUILD_RUSTFLAGS="$(RUST_FLAGS)" \
- 	cargo build --$(MODE) --target=$(TARGET)
+	@python3 build.py
 
 
 # 把每个elf文件去掉无关代码
diff --git a/ch3-coop/user/build.py b/ch3-coop/user/build.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08661bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ch3-coop/user/build.py
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import os
+
+base_address = 0x80400000  # 第一个应用的起始地址
+step = 0x20000  # 每个应用的大小
+linker = "src/linker.ld"  # 自定义链接脚本
+
+RUST_FLAGS = f"-Clink-arg=-T{linker} "  # 使用我们自己的链接脚本
+RUST_FLAGS += "-Cforce-frame-pointers=yes "  # 强制编译器生成帧指针
+TARGET = "riscv64gc-unknown-none-elf"
+
+app_id = 0
+apps: list[str] = os.listdir("src/bin")
+apps.sort()
+for app_file in apps:
+    app_name = app_file.split(".")[0]
+
+    lines = []  # 修改了base_address linker.ld
+    lines_before = []  # 最原本的linker.ld的文本, 最下面会恢复
+
+    # 读出原本文件
+    with open(linker, "r") as f:
+        for line in f.readlines():
+            lines_before.append(line)  # 保存原本的文本
+            line = line.replace(hex(base_address), hex(base_address+step*app_id))  # 替换的文本
+            lines.append(line)
+    with open(linker, "w+") as f:
+        f.writelines(lines)
+
+    # 逐个编译
+    cmd = f"CARGO_BUILD_RUSTFLAGS='{RUST_FLAGS}' cargo build --bin {app_name} --release --target={TARGET}"
+    print(cmd)
+    os.system(cmd)
+
+    print(f"[build.py] application {app_name} start with address {hex(base_address+step*app_id)}")
+
+    # 恢复
+    with open(linker, "w+") as f:
+        f.writelines(lines_before)
+    app_id += 1
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/ch3-coop/user/src/linker.ld b/ch3-coop/user/src/linker.ld
index ae6752b..9d48923 100644
--- a/ch3-coop/user/src/linker.ld
+++ b/ch3-coop/user/src/linker.ld
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 OUTPUT_ARCH(riscv)
 ENTRY(_start)
 
-/*设置用户程序链接的基础起始位置为0x80400000*/
 BASE_ADDRESS = 0x80400000;
 
 SECTIONS